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Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 11/2016

28.01.2016 | ADHS | Übersichten

Teilleistungsstörungen/MCD und ADHS im Erwachsenenalter

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. M. Linden, J. Weddigen, Dipl.-Psych.

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 11/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Das Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivitäts-Syndrom (ADHS) ist nicht nur im Kindesalter, sondern auch im Erwachsenenalter ein häufiges Problem. Allerdings sind trotz umfangreicher Forschung grundlegende Fragen der diagnostischen Abgrenzung weiter ungeklärt. ADHS-Patienten leiden nicht nur unter Störungen der Aufmerksamkeit oder Hyperaktivität, die zudem nicht einmal obligat sind, sondern auch unter einem breiten Spektrum an weiteren Symptomen, wie Dyspraxien, Problemen mit der Reizdiskrimination, Dysgrammatismus, Legasthenie, motorischer Ungeschicklichkeit u. ä. Des Weiteren finden sich psychopathologisch Störungen der Mnestik, des Denkens, der Affektmodulation, des Antriebs oder der vegetativen Stabilität im Sinne eines hirnorganischen Psychosyndroms. Dieses erweiterte Symptommuster ist in der Psychiatrie seit jeher bekannt und unter den unterschiedlichsten Begriffen beschrieben worden wie „komplexe Teilleistungsstörung (TLS)“, „minimale zerebrale Dysfunktion (MCD)“, „minimal brain dysfunction (MBD)“, „leichtes organisches Psychosyndrom“, „psychoorganisches Achsensyndrom“, „mild cognitive impairment“, „Entwicklungsstörung“ oder „entwicklungsbiologische Störung“. Für eine komplexe zerebrale Dysfunktion i. S. eines psychoorganischen Syndroms sprechen auch ätiologische Befunde zur Genetik wie zu kindlichen Hirnschädigungen. Je nach individueller Lebens- oder Berufssituation können die Zusatzsymptome für die Lebensführung der Patienten von ebensolcher Relevanz sein, wie die ADHS-Kernsymptome. Ein solches erweitertes Verständnis von ADHS ist von unmittelbarer Bedeutung für die Diagnostik, Therapie und sozialmedizinische Versorgung der Patienten.
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Metadaten
Titel
Teilleistungsstörungen/MCD und ADHS im Erwachsenenalter
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. M. Linden
J. Weddigen, Dipl.-Psych.
Publikationsdatum
28.01.2016
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 11/2016
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-015-0063-z

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