Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Current Cardiology Reports 8/2015

01.08.2015 | Invasive Electrophysiology and Pacing (EK Heist, Section Editor)

Cost-Effectiveness of Novel Oral Anticoagulants for Stroke Prevention in Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation

verfasst von: Sheldon M. Singh, Harindra C. Wijeysundera

Erschienen in: Current Cardiology Reports | Ausgabe 8/2015

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Recently, novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been approved for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Although these agents overcome some disadvantages of warfarin, they are associated with increased costs. In this review, we will provide an overview of the cost-effectiveness of NOACs for stroke prevention in AF. Our comments and conclusions are limited to studies directly comparing all available NOACs within the same framework. The available cost-effectiveness analyses suggest that NOACs are cost-effective compared to warfarin, with apixaban likely being most favorable. However, significant limitations in these models are present and should be appreciated when interpreting their results.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Go A. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA. 2001;285(18):2370–5.PubMedCrossRef Go A. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA. 2001;285(18):2370–5.PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Miyasaka Y, Barnes ME, Bersh BJ, et al. Secular trends in incidence of atrial fibrillation in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1980 to 2000, and implications on the projections for future prevalence. Circulation. 2006;114:119–25.PubMedCrossRef Miyasaka Y, Barnes ME, Bersh BJ, et al. Secular trends in incidence of atrial fibrillation in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1980 to 2000, and implications on the projections for future prevalence. Circulation. 2006;114:119–25.PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke. 1991;22:983–8.PubMedCrossRef Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke. 1991;22:983–8.PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Pan X, Simon TA, Hamilton M, et al. Comparison of costs and discharge outcomes for patients hospitalized for ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke with or without atrial fibrillation in the United States. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2014. doi:10.1007/s11239-014-1144-8.PubMedCentralPubMed Pan X, Simon TA, Hamilton M, et al. Comparison of costs and discharge outcomes for patients hospitalized for ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke with or without atrial fibrillation in the United States. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2014. doi:10.​1007/​s11239-014-1144-8.PubMedCentralPubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Lin HJ, Wolf PA, Kelly-Hayes M, et al. Stroke severity in atrial fibrillation. The Framingham Study. Stroke. 1996;27:1760–4.PubMedCrossRef Lin HJ, Wolf PA, Kelly-Hayes M, et al. Stroke severity in atrial fibrillation. The Framingham Study. Stroke. 1996;27:1760–4.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Miller PS, Andersson FL, Kalra L. Are cost benefits of anticoagulation for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation underestimated? Stroke. 2005;36:360–6.PubMedCrossRef Miller PS, Andersson FL, Kalra L. Are cost benefits of anticoagulation for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation underestimated? Stroke. 2005;36:360–6.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Hart RG, Pearce LA, Aguilar MI. Meta-analysis: antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:857–67.PubMedCrossRef Hart RG, Pearce LA, Aguilar MI. Meta-analysis: antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:857–67.PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Xu Y, Holbrook AM, Simpson CS, et al. Prescribing patterns of novel oral anticoagulation following regulatory approval for atrial fibrillation in Ontario, Canada: a population-based descriptive analysis. CMAJ Open. 2013;1:E115–9.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Xu Y, Holbrook AM, Simpson CS, et al. Prescribing patterns of novel oral anticoagulation following regulatory approval for atrial fibrillation in Ontario, Canada: a population-based descriptive analysis. CMAJ Open. 2013;1:E115–9.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Baczek VL, Chen WT, Kluger J, et al. Predictors of warfarin use in atrial fibrillation in the United States: a systematic review and metaanalysis. BMC Fam Pract. 2012;13:5.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Baczek VL, Chen WT, Kluger J, et al. Predictors of warfarin use in atrial fibrillation in the United States: a systematic review and metaanalysis. BMC Fam Pract. 2012;13:5.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
10.••
Zurück zum Zitat Ruff CT, Giugliano RP, Braunwald E, et al. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Lancet. 2014;383:955–62. This meta-analysis provides an excellent summary of the clinical benefits of NOACs from their clinical trials.PubMedCrossRef Ruff CT, Giugliano RP, Braunwald E, et al. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Lancet. 2014;383:955–62. This meta-analysis provides an excellent summary of the clinical benefits of NOACs from their clinical trials.PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:1139–51.PubMedCrossRef Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:1139–51.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:883–91.PubMedCrossRef Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:883–91.PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JJV, et al. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:981–92.PubMedCrossRef Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JJV, et al. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:981–92.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Guigliano RP, Ruff CT, Braunwald E, et al. Endoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:2093–104.CrossRef Guigliano RP, Ruff CT, Braunwald E, et al. Endoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:2093–104.CrossRef
15.•
Zurück zum Zitat Verma A, Cairns JA, Mitchell LB, et al. 2014 focused update of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Can J Cardiol. 2014;30:1114–30. Excellent guidelines summarizing the care of patients with AF.PubMedCrossRef Verma A, Cairns JA, Mitchell LB, et al. 2014 focused update of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Can J Cardiol. 2014;30:1114–30. Excellent guidelines summarizing the care of patients with AF.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Camm AJ, Lip GYH, De Caterina R, et al. 2012 focused update of the ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J. 2012;33:2719–47.PubMedCrossRef Camm AJ, Lip GYH, De Caterina R, et al. 2012 focused update of the ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J. 2012;33:2719–47.PubMedCrossRef
20.
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Grosse SD. Assessing cost-effectiveness in healthcare: history of the $50,000 per QALY threshold. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2008;8:165–78.PubMedCrossRef Grosse SD. Assessing cost-effectiveness in healthcare: history of the $50,000 per QALY threshold. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2008;8:165–78.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Anderson JL, Heidenreich PA, Barnett PG, et al. ACC/AHA statement on cost/value methodology in clinical practice guidelines and performance measures: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task Force on Performance Measures and Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63:2304–22.PubMedCrossRef Anderson JL, Heidenreich PA, Barnett PG, et al. ACC/AHA statement on cost/value methodology in clinical practice guidelines and performance measures: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task Force on Performance Measures and Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63:2304–22.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Laupacis A, Feeny D, Detsky AS, et al. How attractive does a new technology have to be to warrant adoption and utilization? Tentative guidelines for using clinical and economic evaluations. CMAJ. 1992;146:473–81.PubMedCentralPubMed Laupacis A, Feeny D, Detsky AS, et al. How attractive does a new technology have to be to warrant adoption and utilization? Tentative guidelines for using clinical and economic evaluations. CMAJ. 1992;146:473–81.PubMedCentralPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Harrington AR, Armstrong EP, Nolan PE, Malone D. Cost-effectiveness of apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban and warfarin for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Stroke. 2013;44:1676–81.PubMedCrossRef Harrington AR, Armstrong EP, Nolan PE, Malone D. Cost-effectiveness of apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban and warfarin for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Stroke. 2013;44:1676–81.PubMedCrossRef
26.•
Zurück zum Zitat Canestaro WJ, Patrick AR, Avron J, et al. Cost-effectiveness of oral anticoagulants for treatment of atrial fibrillation. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2013;6:724–31. This is cost-effectiveness analysis from a US perspective provides an excellent analysis of its limitations. It provides an excellent framework for reading future cost-effectiveness analysis papers.PubMedCrossRef Canestaro WJ, Patrick AR, Avron J, et al. Cost-effectiveness of oral anticoagulants for treatment of atrial fibrillation. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2013;6:724–31. This is cost-effectiveness analysis from a US perspective provides an excellent analysis of its limitations. It provides an excellent framework for reading future cost-effectiveness analysis papers.PubMedCrossRef
27.•
Zurück zum Zitat Coyle D, Coyle K, Cameron C, et al. Cost-effectiveness of new oral anticoagulants compared with warfarin in preventing stroke and other cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation. Value Health. 2013;16:498–506. This is cost-effectiveness analysis from a Canadian perspective provides an excellent analysis of its limitations. It provides an excellent framework for reading future cost-effectiveness analysis papers.PubMedCrossRef Coyle D, Coyle K, Cameron C, et al. Cost-effectiveness of new oral anticoagulants compared with warfarin in preventing stroke and other cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation. Value Health. 2013;16:498–506. This is cost-effectiveness analysis from a Canadian perspective provides an excellent analysis of its limitations. It provides an excellent framework for reading future cost-effectiveness analysis papers.PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Lip GYH, Konknakorn T, Phatak H, et al. Cost-effectiveness of apixaban versus other new oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Clin Ther. 2014;36:192–230.PubMedCrossRef Lip GYH, Konknakorn T, Phatak H, et al. Cost-effectiveness of apixaban versus other new oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Clin Ther. 2014;36:192–230.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Rognoni C, Marchetti M, Quaglini S, et al. Apixaban, dabigatran, and rivaroxiban versus warfarin for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Clin Drug Investig. 2014;39:9–17.CrossRef Rognoni C, Marchetti M, Quaglini S, et al. Apixaban, dabigatran, and rivaroxiban versus warfarin for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Clin Drug Investig. 2014;39:9–17.CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Pan X, Kachroo S, Liu X, et al. Real world discontinuation rates with apixaban versus warfarin, dabigatran or rivaroxiban among atrial fibrillation patients newly initiated on anticoagulation therapy. JACC. 2014;63:A415.CrossRef Pan X, Kachroo S, Liu X, et al. Real world discontinuation rates with apixaban versus warfarin, dabigatran or rivaroxiban among atrial fibrillation patients newly initiated on anticoagulation therapy. JACC. 2014;63:A415.CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Boehringer Ingelheim Canada Ltd. Product monograph–Pradax. January 27, 2012. Boehringer Ingelheim Canada Ltd. Product monograph–Pradax. January 27, 2012.
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Briggs AH, Claxton K, Sculpher MJ. Decision modelling for health economic evaluation. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2006. Briggs AH, Claxton K, Sculpher MJ. Decision modelling for health economic evaluation. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2006.
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Briggs AH, Weinstein MC, Fenwick EA, et al. Model parameter estimation and uncertainty analysis: a report of the ISPOR‐SMDM Modeling Good Research Practices Task Force Working Group‐6. Med Decis Making. 2012;32:722–32.PubMedCrossRef Briggs AH, Weinstein MC, Fenwick EA, et al. Model parameter estimation and uncertainty analysis: a report of the ISPOR‐SMDM Modeling Good Research Practices Task Force Working Group‐6. Med Decis Making. 2012;32:722–32.PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Drummond MF, Sculpher MJ, Torrance GW, et al. Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2005. Drummond MF, Sculpher MJ, Torrance GW, et al. Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2005.
35.••
Zurück zum Zitat Micieli A, Bennell MC, Pham B, et al. Identifying future research priorities using value of information analyses: left atrial occlusion devices in atrial fibrillation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014;3, e001031. This study provides an excellent overview of value of information analyses using stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation to highlight important concepts.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Micieli A, Bennell MC, Pham B, et al. Identifying future research priorities using value of information analyses: left atrial occlusion devices in atrial fibrillation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014;3, e001031. This study provides an excellent overview of value of information analyses using stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation to highlight important concepts.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
36.••
Zurück zum Zitat Limone B, Bajker WL, Mearns ES, et al. Common flaws in published cost-effectiveness models of pharmacologic stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. J Clin Epidemiol. 2014;67:1093–102. This study provides an excellent review of the limitations of cost-effectiveness analyses in atrial fibrillation.PubMedCrossRef Limone B, Bajker WL, Mearns ES, et al. Common flaws in published cost-effectiveness models of pharmacologic stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. J Clin Epidemiol. 2014;67:1093–102. This study provides an excellent review of the limitations of cost-effectiveness analyses in atrial fibrillation.PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ, et al. Empirical evidence of bias: dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials. JAMA. 1995;273:408–12.PubMedCrossRef Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ, et al. Empirical evidence of bias: dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials. JAMA. 1995;273:408–12.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Wallentin L, Yusuf S, Ezekowitz MD, et al. Efficacy and safety of dabigatran compared with warfarin at different levels of international normalized ratio control for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: an analysis of the RELY trial. Lancet. 2010;376:975–83.PubMedCrossRef Wallentin L, Yusuf S, Ezekowitz MD, et al. Efficacy and safety of dabigatran compared with warfarin at different levels of international normalized ratio control for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: an analysis of the RELY trial. Lancet. 2010;376:975–83.PubMedCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat You JHS. Novel oral anticoagulants versus warfarin therapy at various levels of anticoagulation control in atrial fibrillation—a cost effectiveness analysis. J Gen Intern Med. 2013;29:438–46.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef You JHS. Novel oral anticoagulants versus warfarin therapy at various levels of anticoagulation control in atrial fibrillation—a cost effectiveness analysis. J Gen Intern Med. 2013;29:438–46.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
40.••
Zurück zum Zitat Singh SM, Micieli A, Wijeysundera HC. Economic evaluation of percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion, dabigatran, and warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2013;127:2414–23. This study was the first to provide a framework to evaluate pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic methods of stroke reduction in patients with atrial fibrillation.PubMedCrossRef Singh SM, Micieli A, Wijeysundera HC. Economic evaluation of percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion, dabigatran, and warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2013;127:2414–23. This study was the first to provide a framework to evaluate pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic methods of stroke reduction in patients with atrial fibrillation.PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Cost-Effectiveness of Novel Oral Anticoagulants for Stroke Prevention in Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
verfasst von
Sheldon M. Singh
Harindra C. Wijeysundera
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2015
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Cardiology Reports / Ausgabe 8/2015
Print ISSN: 1523-3782
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-3170
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-015-0618-4

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 8/2015

Current Cardiology Reports 8/2015 Zur Ausgabe

Nuclear Cardiology (V Dilsizian, Section Editor)

Prognostic Significance of Imaging Myocardial Sympathetic Innervation

New Therapies for Cardiovascular Disease (KW Mahaffey, Section Editor)

Antiplatelet Therapy During PCI for Patients with Stable Angina and Atrial Fibrillation

Peripheral Vascular Disease (MR Jaff, Section Editor)

Nonatherosclerotic PAD: Approach to Exertional Pain in the Lower Extremities

Invasive Electrophysiology and Pacing (EK Heist, Section Editor)

Non-invasive Mapping of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Invasive Electrophysiology and Pacing (EK Heist, Section Editor)

Management of Ventricular Arrhythmias in Patients with Mechanical Ventricular Support Devices

„Jeder Fall von plötzlichem Tod muss obduziert werden!“

17.05.2024 Plötzlicher Herztod Nachrichten

Ein signifikanter Anteil der Fälle von plötzlichem Herztod ist genetisch bedingt. Um ihre Verwandten vor diesem Schicksal zu bewahren, sollten jüngere Personen, die plötzlich unerwartet versterben, ausnahmslos einer Autopsie unterzogen werden.

Hirnblutung unter DOAK und VKA ähnlich bedrohlich

17.05.2024 Direkte orale Antikoagulanzien Nachrichten

Kommt es zu einer nichttraumatischen Hirnblutung, spielt es keine große Rolle, ob die Betroffenen zuvor direkt wirksame orale Antikoagulanzien oder Marcumar bekommen haben: Die Prognose ist ähnlich schlecht.

Schlechtere Vorhofflimmern-Prognose bei kleinem linken Ventrikel

17.05.2024 Vorhofflimmern Nachrichten

Nicht nur ein vergrößerter, sondern auch ein kleiner linker Ventrikel ist bei Vorhofflimmern mit einer erhöhten Komplikationsrate assoziiert. Der Zusammenhang besteht nach Daten aus China unabhängig von anderen Risikofaktoren.

Semaglutid bei Herzinsuffizienz: Wie erklärt sich die Wirksamkeit?

17.05.2024 Herzinsuffizienz Nachrichten

Bei adipösen Patienten mit Herzinsuffizienz des HFpEF-Phänotyps ist Semaglutid von symptomatischem Nutzen. Resultiert dieser Benefit allein aus der Gewichtsreduktion oder auch aus spezifischen Effekten auf die Herzinsuffizienz-Pathogenese? Eine neue Analyse gibt Aufschluss.

Update Kardiologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.