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Erschienen in: Herz 2/2017

27.06.2016 | Übersichten

Die Nachsorge von Patienten nach MitraClip®-Implantation

verfasst von: apl. Prof. Dr. med. A. Schlitt, E. Lubos, M. Guha, C. Hegeler-Molkewehrum, M. Sudau, H. Schmidt

Erschienen in: Herz | Ausgabe 2/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Viele Patienten mit mittel- bis hochgradiger Mitralklappeninsuffizienz kommen aufgrund ihrer Multimorbidität für eine operative Therapie nicht mehr in Frage. Für sie stellt das MitraClip®-Verfahren eine therapeutische Alternative dar.
Ziel des vorliegenden Artikels ist es, Empfehlungen für die Nachbehandlung einer MitraClip®-Versorgung aufzuzeigen. Hierfür wurde eine selektive Literaturübersicht anhand der aktuellen Veröffentlichungen unter besonderer Beachtung der nationalen und internationalen Leitlinien durchgeführt.
Bei Patienten nach MitraClip®-Behandlung ist wegen der zugrunde liegenden Herzinsuffizienz und nach der Herzklappenbehandlung eine Rehabilitationsmaßnahme indiziert. Neben einer Optimierung der medikamentösen Therapie erfolgen die Durchführung einer standardisierten Herzinsuffizienzschulung, die Initiierung eines Kraft- und Ausdauertrainings und eine psychosoziale Betreuung. Die Betroffenen werden außerdem über die Endokarditisprophylaxe für mindestens sechs Monate aufgeklärt. Weiterhin gilt es, die leitliniengerechte, medikamentöse Therapie mit ACE-Hemmern, Betablockern und Aldosteronantagonisten zu optimieren. Eine Besonderheit stellt die Gerinnungshemmung dar, die derzeit nur empirisch belegt ist und bei Sinusrhythmus typischerweise für vier Wochen mit dualer Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung (ASS + Clopidogrel), gefolgt von einer Monotherapie mit ASS, durchgeführt wird. Bei Vorhofflimmern wird eine lebenslange orale Antikoagulation für vier Wochen mit einem Thrombozytenaggregationshemmer kombiniert.
Bei den in der Rehabilitationsklinik und dem niedergelassenen Kardiologen durchzuführenden echokardiographischen Kontrollen muss das Augenmerk insbesondere auf einen residualen Vorhofseptumdefekt, den transmitralen Gradienten sowie eine Restinsuffizienz gelegt werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Die Nachsorge von Patienten nach MitraClip®-Implantation
verfasst von
apl. Prof. Dr. med. A. Schlitt
E. Lubos
M. Guha
C. Hegeler-Molkewehrum
M. Sudau
H. Schmidt
Publikationsdatum
27.06.2016
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Herz / Ausgabe 2/2017
Print ISSN: 0340-9937
Elektronische ISSN: 1615-6692
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-016-4448-y

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