Erschienen in:
01.12.2015 | Transgenerational Considerations in Addictions (LC Mayes and E McCrory, Section Editors)
DNA Methylation, Substance Use and Addiction: a Systematic Review of Recent Animal and Human Research from a Developmental Perspective
verfasst von:
Charlotte A. M. Cecil, Esther Walton, Essi Viding
Erschienen in:
Current Addiction Reports
|
Ausgabe 4/2015
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Abstract
Growing evidence points to the role of epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, in substance use and addiction. We conducted a systematic review of 47 recent (2012–2015) animal and human studies that investigate DNA methylation and substance use/exposure, spanning preconception to adulthood. The majority of extant studies (i) focused on exposure during adulthood, (ii) examined the effects of alcohol use, (iii) employed a candidate gene approach, and (iv) were cross-sectional. While studies generally support an association between substance use/exposure and DNA methylation and also suggest that developmental context and timing matter, a dearth of longitudinal data and low comparability across studies currently limits the conclusions that can be drawn. Future challenges and directions for the field are discussed.