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Current Osteoporosis Reports
Erschienen in: Current Osteoporosis Reports 2/2018

23.02.2018 | Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue (G Duque and B Lecka-Czernik, Section Editors)

Good, Bad, or Ugly: the Biological Roles of Bone Marrow Fat

verfasst von: Lakshman Singh, Sonia Tyagi, Damian Myers, Gustavo Duque

Erschienen in: Current Osteoporosis Reports | Ausgabe 2/2018

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Bone marrow fat expresses mixed characteristics, which could correspond to white, brown, and beige types of fat. Marrow fat could act as either energy storing and adipokine secreting white fat or as a source of energy for hematopoiesis and bone metabolism, thus acting as brown fat. However, there is also a negative interaction between marrow fat and other elements of the bone marrow milieu, which is known as lipotoxicity. In this review, we will describe the good and bad roles of marrow fat in the bone, while focusing on the specific components of the negative effect of marrow fat on bone metabolism.

Recent Findings

Lipotoxicity in the bone is exerted by bone marrow fat through the secretion of adipokines and free fatty acids (FFA) (predominantly palmitate). High levels of FFA found in the bone marrow of aged and osteoporotic bone are associated with decreased osteoblastogenesis and bone formation, decreased hematopoiesis, and increased osteoclastogenesis. In addition, FFA such as palmitate and stearate induce apoptosis and dysfunctional autophagy in the osteoblasts, thus affecting their differentiation and function.

Summary

Regulation of marrow fat could become a therapeutic target for osteoporosis. Inhibition of the synthesis of FFA by marrow fat could facilitate osteoblastogenesis and bone formation while affecting osteoclastogenesis. However, further studies testing this hypothesis are still required.
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Metadaten
Titel
Good, Bad, or Ugly: the Biological Roles of Bone Marrow Fat
verfasst von
Lakshman Singh
Sonia Tyagi
Damian Myers
Gustavo Duque
Publikationsdatum
23.02.2018
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Osteoporosis Reports / Ausgabe 2/2018
Print ISSN: 1544-1873
Elektronische ISSN: 1544-2241
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-018-0427-y

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