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Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 7/2021

07.06.2021 | Suizid | Leitthema

Krankheitslast der Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung: Krankheitskosten, somatische Komorbidität und Mortalität

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. Frank Jacobi, Raphaela Grafiadeli, Hannah Volkmann, Isabella Schneider

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 7/2021

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Schwere psychische Störungen („severe mental illness“, SMI) sind charakterisiert durch hohe psychosoziale Beeinträchtigung, aber auch durch erhöhte somatische Morbidität und Übersterblichkeit. Zumeist werden psychotische und bipolare Störungen sowie schwere Depressionen den SMI zugerechnet, aber auch die Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) weist schwere Krankheitsfolgen auf.

Material und Methoden

Neben der Recherche von internationalen Übersichtsarbeiten und Studien seit 2010 zur Krankheitslast der BPS im Sinne direkter und indirekter Krankheitskosten, somatischer Komorbidität sowie Mortalität berichten wir administrative Daten aus Deutschland (Abrechnungsdaten) aus einer umfangreichen Auswertung (n > 59 Mio. im Alter ≥ 18).

Ergebnisse

Internationale Studien weisen eine überdurchschnittlich hohe Krankheitslast der BPS aus. In Deutschland zeigt die BPS (administrative Jahresprävalenz: 0,34 %) u. a. erhöhte Raten für somatische Unfallfolgen, Hepatitiden, HIV, COPD, Asthma und Adipositas; der geschätzte Lebenszeitverlust beträgt 5,0 bis 9,3 Jahre (abhängig von Alter und Geschlecht).

Diskussion

Die Krankheitslast (Kosten, Komorbidität und Mortalität) ist bei der BPS deutlich erhöht. Die Übersterblichkeit ist dabei weniger auf Suizid als auf die schlechtere körperliche Gesundheit und assoziierte BPS-relevante Verhaltensweisen zurückzuführen. Dies spricht für die Einordnung der BPS als SMI und unterstreicht, wie notwendig (neben der psychotherapeutischen und psychiatrischen) auch die somatische Prävention und Versorgung ist. Individuelle Verbesserungen in der tagtäglichen Versorgung, aber auch neue interdisziplinäre und multiprofessionelle Versorgungsformen könnten die gesundheitliche Chancengerechtigkeit für Menschen mit BPS fördern.
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Metadaten
Titel
Krankheitslast der Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung: Krankheitskosten, somatische Komorbidität und Mortalität
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. Frank Jacobi
Raphaela Grafiadeli
Hannah Volkmann
Isabella Schneider
Publikationsdatum
07.06.2021
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 7/2021
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-021-01139-4

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