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Erschienen in: Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 11/2010

01.11.2010 | Konsensuspapiere

Hyperbilirubinämie des Neugeborenen

Diagnostik und Therapie

verfasst von: Dr. M. Berns, C. Bührer

Erschienen in: Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde | Ausgabe 11/2010

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Zusammenfassung

Die Häufigkeit eines Bilirubinspitzenwerts >25 mg/dl (430 µM) bzw. 30 mg/dl (510 µM) wird mit 10−3 bzw. 10−4 angegeben, die einer chronischen Bilirubinenzephalopathie (Kernikterus) bzw. eines bilirubinbedingten Todesfalls mit 10−5 bzw. 10−6. Da die Hyperbilirubinämie meist ein vorübergehendes Problem darstellt und mit Phototherapie fast immer gut zu behandeln ist, besteht die entscheidende Maßnahme zur Verhinderung eines Kernikterus im rechtzeitigen Therapiebeginn, was die frühzeitige Identifikation von gefährdeten Neugeborenen voraussetzt. Die einzige Möglichkeit hierzu ist ein ergebnisgesteuertes Stufenscreening aller Neugeborenen durch körperliche Untersuchung, transkutane Bilirubinbestimmung (TcB) und ggf. blutige Messung des therapieentscheidenden Gesamtserumbilirubinwerts (GSB). Die medizinische Interventionen zielen darauf ab, einen weiteren Bilirubinanstieg zu vermeiden und pathologisch hohe Bilirubinkonzentrationen zu senken durch Unterbrechung des enterohepatischen Kreislaufs, Phototherapie, i.v. Immunglobulingabe und Austauschtransfusion. Die Nebenwirkungen der einzelnen Maßnahme dürfen dabei nicht außer Acht gelassen werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Hyperbilirubinämie des Neugeborenen
Diagnostik und Therapie
verfasst von
Dr. M. Berns
C. Bührer
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2010
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde / Ausgabe 11/2010
Print ISSN: 0026-9298
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0474
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-010-2277-2

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