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Erschienen in: Der Orthopäde 1/2016

01.01.2016 | Leitthema

Berliner diagnostischer Algorithmus der schmerzhaften Knie-TEP

verfasst von: Dr. K. Thiele, J. Fussi, C. Perka, T. Pfitzner

Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie | Ausgabe 1/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Nach knieendoprothetischer Versorgung sind ca. 20 % der Patienten mit dem postoperativen Ergebnis unzufrieden. Hauptursachen hierfür sind die periprothetische Infektion, die aseptische Lockerung, Instabilität, Malalignment und in selteneren Fällen die sekundäre Retropatellararthrose, periprothetische Frakturen, Streckapparatinsuffizienzen, Polyethylenabrieb und die Arthrofibrose. Die Identifikation der Schmerzursache ist dabei häufig schwierig, jedoch Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche Therapie.

Fragestellung

Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, durch einen reproduzierbaren diagnostischen Algorithmus eine effiziente Analyse der schmerzhaften Knieendoprothese (Knie-TEP) zu erreichen.

Diskussion

Grundlegende Bausteine sind die Anamnese mit den Kernfragen nach Nacht- oder Ruheschmerz sowie dem zeitlichen Verlauf des Schmerzcharakters. Daran sollte sich die Basisdiagnostik mit klinischer, radiologischer und infektiologischer Untersuchung anschließen. Eindeutige Versagensursachen, wie eine Infektion oder aseptische Lockerung, lassen sich hierdurch in den überwiegenden Fällen diagnostizieren. Ist die Schmerzursache mit der Basisdiagnostik nicht eindeutig zuordenbar, ist die weiterführende infektiologische oder bildgebende Diagnostik notwendig. Bei unklaren Befundergebnissen sind seltenere Ursachen der Beschwerden wie extraartikuläre Schmerzursachen, Kausalgien oder die Arthrofibrose zu bedenken. Kann trotz dieser Maßnahmen keine eindeutige Ursache objektiviert werden, ist eine Revision nicht indiziert, sondern die Reevaluation im zeitlichen Verlauf.
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Metadaten
Titel
Berliner diagnostischer Algorithmus der schmerzhaften Knie-TEP
verfasst von
Dr. K. Thiele
J. Fussi
C. Perka
T. Pfitzner
Publikationsdatum
01.01.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Orthopädie / Ausgabe 1/2016
Print ISSN: 2731-7145
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7153
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-015-3196-7

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