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Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz
Erschienen in: Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 1/2012

01.01.2012 | Leitthema

Einfluss von körperlicher Aktivität und Sport auf die Knochengesundheit im Lebenslauf

Ein Überblick

verfasst von: D. Herrmann, A. Hebestreit, Prof. Dr. rer. nat. W. Ahrens

Erschienen in: Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz | Ausgabe 1/2012

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Zusammenfassung

Körperliche Aktivität und Sport sind nicht nur für die metabolische und kardiovaskuläre Gesundheit, sondern auch für die Knochengesundheit von großer Bedeutung. Der vorliegende Überblicksartikel fasst Ergebnisse aus Beobachtungs- und Interventionsstudien zusammen, die den Zusammenhang zwischen körperlicher/sportlicher Aktivität und der Knochengesundheit im Lebenslauf untersuchen. Bereits im Kindes- und Jugendalter führen körperliche Aktivität und Sport zu einem erhöhten Knochenzuwachs. Im Erwachsenenalter kann altersbedingter Knochenschwund durch kontinuierliche und über mehrere Monate durchgeführte Sportprogramme vermindert werden. Dabei zeigen insbesondere Weight-Bearing Activities einen bedeutenden osteogenen Effekt. Im Kindes- und Jugendalter ist ein höherer Knochenzuwachs bis zu fünf Jahre nach Beendigung des Sportprogramms zu beobachten. Im Erwachsenenalter hingegen nimmt die Knochenfestigkeit nach Einstellung sportlicher Aktivitäten sogar schneller ab als bei Personen, die keinen Sport getrieben haben. Kontinuierlich durchgeführte körperliche und sportliche Aktivität sowie die Implementierung von Sportprogrammen in Schulen und bevölkerungsbasierten Interventionsprogrammen sind präventive Maßnahmen, um Osteoporose und osteoporosebedingten Frakturen vorzubeugen. Aufgrund fehlender prospektiver Langzeituntersuchungen ist die vermutete langfristig anhaltende Schutzwirkung von hoher körperlicher Aktivität und Sport im Kindes- und Jugendalter auf den altersbedingten Knochenschwund im Erwachsenenalter noch nicht belegt.
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Metadaten
Titel
Einfluss von körperlicher Aktivität und Sport auf die Knochengesundheit im Lebenslauf
Ein Überblick
verfasst von
D. Herrmann
A. Hebestreit
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. W. Ahrens
Publikationsdatum
01.01.2012
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz / Ausgabe 1/2012
Print ISSN: 1436-9990
Elektronische ISSN: 1437-1588
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-011-1393-z

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