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01.02.2013 | Original

Patient–ventilator interaction in ARDS patients with extremely low compliance undergoing ECMO: a novel approach based on diaphragm electrical activity

verfasst von: Tommaso Mauri, Giacomo Bellani, Giacomo Grasselli, Andrea Confalonieri, Roberto Rona, Nicolo’ Patroniti, Antonio Pesenti

Erschienen in: Intensive Care Medicine | Ausgabe 2/2013

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Abstract

Purpose

Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) usually present very low respiratory system compliance (Cst_rs) values (i.e., severe restrictive respiratory syndrome patients). As a consequence, they are at high risk of experiencing poor patient–ventilator interaction during assisted breathing. We hypothesized that monitoring of diaphragm electrical activity (EAdi) may enhance asynchrony assessment and that neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) may reduce asynchrony, especially in more severely restricted patients.

Methods

We enrolled ten consecutive ARDS patients with very low Cst_rs values undergoing ECMO after switching from controlled to pressure support ventilation (PSV). We randomly tested (30 min) while recording EAdi: (1) PSV30 (PSV with an expiratory trigger at 30 % of flow peak value); (2) PSV1 (PSV with expiratory trigger at 1 %); (3) NAVA. During each step, we measured the EAdi-based asynchrony index (AI_EAdi) = flow-, pressure- and EAdi-based asynchrony events/EAdi-based respiratory rate × 100.

Results

AI_EAdi was high during all ventilation modes, and the most represented asynchrony pattern was specific for this population (i.e., premature cycling). NAVA was associated with significantly decreased, although suboptimal, AI_EAdi values in comparison to PSV30 and PSV1 (p < 0.01 for both). The PSV30–NAVA and PSV1–NAVA differences in AI_EAdi values were inversely correlated with patients’ Cst_rs (R ² = 0.545, p = 0.01 and R ² = 0.425, p < 0.05; respectively).

Conclusions

EAdi allows accurate analysis of asynchrony patterns and magnitude in ARDS patients with very low Cst_rs undergoing ECMO. In these patients, NAVA is associated with reduced asynchrony.

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Titel: Patient–ventilator interaction in ARDS patients with extremely low compliance undergoing ECMO: a novel approach based on diaphragm electrical activity
verfasst von: Tommaso Mauri
Giacomo Bellani
Giacomo Grasselli
Andrea Confalonieri
Roberto Rona
Nicolo’ Patroniti
Antonio Pesenti
Publikationsdatum: 01.02.2013
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Intensive Care Medicine / Ausgabe 2/2013
Print ISSN: 0342-4642
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1238
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-012-2755-1

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Patient–ventilator interaction in ARDS patients with extremely low compliance undergoing ECMO: a novel approach based on diaphragm electrical activity