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Zeitschrift für Pneumologie

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23.06.2022 | Obstruktives Schlafapnoesyndrom | Leitthema

Schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen und Schwangerschaft

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. M. Orth, T. Schäfer, K. Rasche

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Pneumologie | Ausgabe 4/2022

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Zusammenfassung

Schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen (SBAS) bei Schwangeren treten in bis zu 30 % der Schwangerschaften auf. Ihre Koinzidenz war und ist ein wenig beachtetes Thema sowohl in der Schlafmedizin, aber ganz besonders auch im klinischen Alltag der Geburtshilfe. Dennoch stellt gerade diese Koinzidenz ein erhebliches Risiko für Schwangerschaftskomplikationen sowohl für die Mutter als auch das Ungeborene dar. Zu den sog. „adverse pregnancy outcomes“, also den nachteiligen Schwangerschaftsverläufen, gehören bei den Müttern u. a. der Gestationshypertonus, der Gestationsdiabetes, die Präeklampsie bzw. Eklampsie, eine gesteigerte Rate von Kaiserschnittentbindungen sowie eine gesteigerte Müttersterblichkeit. Bei den Kindern stehen Fehl‑, Früh- und in seltenen Fällen Totgeburten, ein retardiertes intrauterines Wachstum und postpartale Entwicklungsstörungen in den ersten 6 Lebensjahren im Vordergrund. Die CPAP-Therapie (CPAP: „continuous positive airway pressure“) ist auch bei Schwangeren mit SBAS der Goldstandard der Therapie. In der Literatur stehen nur wenige Studien mit kleinen Patientenkollektiven zu diesem Thema zur Verfügung. Sie zeigen aber einheitlich die positive Wirkung von CPAP im Hinblick auf die oben angeführten Faktoren sowie keine negative Beeinflussung des Schwangerschaftsverlaufs. Sowohl bei Schlafmedizinern als auch insbesondere bei Geburtshelfern ist eine Sensibilisierung für das Thema SBAS und Schwangerschaft erforderlich.

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Titel: Schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen und Schwangerschaft
verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. M. Orth
T. Schäfer
K. Rasche
Publikationsdatum: 23.06.2022
Verlag: Springer Medizin
Schlagwörter: Obstruktives Schlafapnoesyndrom
Schlafbezogene Atmungsstörung
Präeklampsie
Schnarchen
Eklampsie
Schlafapnoe
Totgeburt
Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Pneumologie / Ausgabe 4/2022
Print ISSN: 2731-7404
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7412
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10405-022-00451-3

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Schlafapnoe – Einfach erkennen. Individuell behandeln.

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Schlafapnoe verhindert gesunden Schlaf und trägt zur Entstehung bzw. Manifestierung von Komorbiditäten wie Bluthochdruck, Vorhofflimmern und Schlaganfällen bei. Einfache Diagnostiktools helfen, frühzeitig das Risiko zu minimieren und individuelle Therapieansätzen umzusetzen.

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Insomnie und obstruktive Schlafapnoe (OSA) treten häufiger zusammen auf, als man es basierend auf der jeweiligen Prävalenz in der Bevölkerung vermuten würde [1, 2, 3]. In der Fachliteratur nennt sich diese Komorbidität COMISA – comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea.

Springer Medizin

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