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Erschienen in: Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 8/2016

20.05.2016 | Hyperthyreose | Übersichten

Wachstum bei Störungen der Schilddrüsenfunktion im Kindes- und Jugendalter

Störungen der Schilddrüsenfunktion und Wachstum

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. M. Bettendorf, G. Binder, B. P. Hauffa, J. Pohlenz, T. R. Rohrer, C. Schöfl, H. G. Dörr

Erschienen in: Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde | Ausgabe 8/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Störungen der mütterlichen und kindlichen Schilddrüsenfunktion können nicht nur die Reifung des zentralen Nervensystems irreversibel hemmen, sondern auch Wachstum und Pubertät beeinflussen.

Fragestellung

Übersicht über die Folgen von Schilddrüsenfunktionsstörungen für das Wachstum bei Kindern und Jugendlichen und die Bedeutung einer regelkonformen Therapie.

Material und Methoden

In diesem Beitrag wird die aktuelle Literatur über das Wachstum bei mütterlichen und kindlichen Schilddrüsenfunktionsstörungen und deren Therapie zusammengefasst.

Ergebnisse

Jede manifeste, nicht behandelte, konnatale oder erworbene Hypothyreose geht mit einer Verzögerung des Wachstums und der Knochenreifung einher. Bei Kindern mit erworbener Hyperthyreose ist die Körperhöhe bei Diagnosestellung dagegen zu einer größeren Körperhöhe verschoben, die Knochenreife beschleunigt. Rund 20 % der Kinder und Jugendlichen mit Down-Syndrom entwickeln eine primäre Hypothyreose, die sich häufig innerhalb der ersten Lebensmonate (in ca. 5,5 %) manifestiert. Eine regelkonforme Therapie der Schilddrüsenfunktionsstörung kann bestehende Störungen des Wachstums normalisieren. Rund 6 % der Kinder mit Wachstumshormonmangel entwickeln durch eine vermehrte Konversion von T4 zu T3 unter einer Therapie mit Wachstumshormon ein pathologisch niedriges freies Thyroxin (fT4) im Serum. Nach Ausschluss einer sekundären Hypothyreose besteht keine Behandlungsindikation.

Schlussfolgerungen

Die frühzeitige Diagnose und zeitgemäße, regelkonforme Therapie mütterlicher oder kindlicher Störungen der Schilddrüsenfunktion ist entscheidend, um ein möglichst altersentsprechendes Wachstum der betroffenen Kindern und Jugendlichen zu erzielen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Wachstum bei Störungen der Schilddrüsenfunktion im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Störungen der Schilddrüsenfunktion und Wachstum
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. M. Bettendorf
G. Binder
B. P. Hauffa
J. Pohlenz
T. R. Rohrer
C. Schöfl
H. G. Dörr
Publikationsdatum
20.05.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde / Ausgabe 8/2016
Print ISSN: 0026-9298
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0474
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-016-0073-3

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