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Current Addiction Reports
Erschienen in: Current Addiction Reports 1/2024

28.12.2023

Genetic Influences on Alcohol Sensitivity: a Critical Review

verfasst von: Ellen W. Yeung, Luke Herchenroeder, Hannah Webster, Alea B. Albright, Ian R. Gizer

Erschienen in: Current Addiction Reports | Ausgabe 1/2024

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The present review provides a summary of the progress that genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have made in identifying the genetic variants that underlie the heritability of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and then provides a similar summary of alcohol sensitivity studies, an important endophenotype that can help to expand our understanding of the genetic architecture of AUD.

Recent Findings

GWAS of AUD have recently achieved the necessary sample sizes required to identify genome-wide significant risk loci and demonstrated that the disorder is genetically complex with many loci of small effect contributing to its etiology. Consequently, we describe how these studies have begun to explore AUD’s genetic correlations with other alcohol-related traits and with other psychiatric disorders to better understand the genetic etiology of AUD and its underlying mechanisms.
GWAS investigating alcohol sensitivity using the Self-Rating of the Effects of Alcohol (SRE) as an AUD endophenotype have struggled to make similar progress. We describe the advances that these studies have made in terms of further demonstrating the heritability of alcohol sensitivity along with limitations in terms of identifying genome-wide significant loci and what we see as the primary challenges facing such studies. We conclude with suggestions for future research and what could be achieved with larger samples.

Summary

Progress in the molecular genetic study of AUD and related phenotypes is being made. Nonetheless, significant efforts are needed to conduct GWAS of more specific AUD risk factors, such as alcohol sensitivity, to more fully understand how individual genetic loci contribute to AUD risk. In doing so, we will be better positioned to understand the etiologic relations between these AUD risk factors and how their confluence ultimately increases risk for AUD.
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Metadaten
Titel
Genetic Influences on Alcohol Sensitivity: a Critical Review
verfasst von
Ellen W. Yeung
Luke Herchenroeder
Hannah Webster
Alea B. Albright
Ian R. Gizer
Publikationsdatum
28.12.2023
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
Current Addiction Reports / Ausgabe 1/2024
Elektronische ISSN: 2196-2952
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-023-00530-2

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