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Erschienen in: Der Schmerz 6/2023

28.07.2023 | Gonarthrose | Schwerpunkt

Konzept zur integrativen Schmerztherapie bei Gonarthrose unter Beachtung der Evidenz konservativer und komplementärer Verfahren

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. Dominik Irnich, Dr. Petra Bäumler

Erschienen in: Der Schmerz | Ausgabe 6/2023

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Gonarthrose stellt eine medizinische Herausforderung dar.

Fragestellung

Wie ist die Evidenzlage in Bezug auf komplementäre Verfahren und deren Integration in die multimodale Schmerztherapie?

Material und Methoden

Qualitative, nichtsystematische Recherche zu Epidemiologie, physiologischen Mechanismen sowie aussagekräftigen klinischen Studien, Metaanalysen und Leitlinien zur konservativen Therapie inklusive ausgewählter komplementärmedizinischer Verfahren

Ergebnisse

Gonarthrose ist eine häufige Erkrankung mit biopsychosozialen Chronifizierungsfaktoren. Die S2k-Leitlinie (k = Expertenkonsens, nicht wissenschaftlich systematisch) der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF) von 2017 wurde bisher nicht aktualisiert. Die Leitlinie des American College of Rheumatology (ACR) datiert von 2020. Gemeinsam sind Empfehlungen in unterschiedlicher Abstufung zu Bewegungstherapie, Gewichtsreduktion, kurzfristiger Analgetikagabe, topischen Therapien, intraartikulärer Kortisoninjektion und Akupunktur. Darüber hinaus finden sich Kann-Empfehlungen für transkutane elektrische Nervenstimulation (TENS), Lasertherapie, elektrophysikalische Therapien, Stoßwellentherapie, Traktionsbehandlung, Ergotherapie, Wickel mit Beinwell und Schlammpackungen. Aktuelle Studien stützen die Anwendung von Tai-Chi/Qigong und Blutegeln.

Schlussfolgerung

Komplementäre Verfahren wie Akupunktur, Tai-Chi/Qigong, topische naturheilkundliche Selbstanwendungen und der Einsatz von Blutegeln (mit Einschränkung) können neben Verhaltensänderungen, Bewegungstherapie und kurzfristiger medikamentöser Therapie evidenzbasierte Bausteine eines integrativen Schmerztherapiekonzepts bei Gonarthrose im Sinne der interdisziplinären multimodalen Schmerztherapie sein. Sie bieten neben einer Verbesserung von Schmerz und Funktion zusätzliche Konzepte zum Selbstüben und zur Selbstbehandlung und können somit die interne Kontrollüberzeugung verbessern.
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Metadaten
Titel
Konzept zur integrativen Schmerztherapie bei Gonarthrose unter Beachtung der Evidenz konservativer und komplementärer Verfahren
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. Dominik Irnich
Dr. Petra Bäumler
Publikationsdatum
28.07.2023
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Der Schmerz / Ausgabe 6/2023
Print ISSN: 0932-433X
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-2129
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-023-00739-0

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