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17.07.2019 | Original Article

Help Seeking Experiences of Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence in Canada: the Role of Gender, Violence Severity, and Social Belonging

verfasst von: Betty Jo Barrett, Amy Peirone, Chi Ho Cheung

Erschienen in: Journal of Family Violence

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Abstract

Using data from the 2009 Canadian General Social Survey-Victimization main file, this study assessed the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) victims’ socio-demographic characteristics, violence characteristics, sense of social belonging, and help seeking behaviors. In a nationally representative study, we conducted hierarchical binary logistic regression to evaluate the relationship between IPV victims’ (n = 900; 385 males and 515 females) sense of social belonging and their engagement with seeking help from informal (family members, friends/neighbors, co-workers) and formal (counsellor/psychologist, doctor/nurse, lawyer, police) sources of support after controlling for victim socio-demographic characteristics and severity of violence experienced. We also sought to assess whether male and female victims of IPV differed in their solicitation of help from both informal sources and formal service providers. As hypothesized, males were significantly less likely than females to seek help from all sources. In partial support of our hypotheses, social belonging was significantly associated with an increased probability of seeking support from friends or neighbors in the regression analysis; however it was not associated with seeking help from any other source. Implications suggest that facilitating strategies for bringing together community members in every day contexts (not solely in the aftermath of violence) may be salient to enhancing survivors’ sense of belonging and increasing the likelihood that they will solicit help if needed. Findings also suggest the need for further gender based analysis of the help seeking experiences of male and female survivors to address potential gender specific barriers to help seeking.

In recognition of the different terminology individuals who have experienced violence may ascribe to their experiences, we use the terms “victim” and “survivor” interchangeably.

Section 25 of the Constitution Act of 1982 in Canada defines Aboriginal persons as those of Indian, Inuit, or Metis descent (Sanderson 2017). Although “Aboriginal” is the term most commonly used in Canada to refer to Indigenous peoples, this may not reflect the terms used in other countries and/or the way individuals choose to self-identify.

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minority persons as “persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour” (Statistics Canada 2015, para 1). Although “visible minority” is the term most commonly used in Canada to refer to people who are not white, this terminology may not reflect the terms commonly used in other countries and/or the manner in which individuals may choose to self-identify

The 2009 General Social Survey assessed mental or physical limitations with four items (each assessed separately): Are your daily activities at home, work, school or any other area limited by… (1) a physical condition; (2) a psychological, emotional, or mental health condition (3); learning difficulties; or (4) any other health condition? Items response options were no, sometimes, often or always. Individuals experiencing any of the four indicators at a level of sometimes or higher were coded as having a physical or mental limitation in the present study.

$30,000 was selected as the dichotomous income cut-off as this is approximately the annual living wage in Canada (with geographic variations) for a full time, 40-h a week worker earning an hourly living wage of $15 per hour (Living Wage Canada 2013).

Regression analyses were not conducted for the variables “a priest, rabbi, imam, elder, or another spiritual advisor”, “crisis center or crisis line” and “community or family center “due to failure to meet Statistics Canada minimum cell count for vetting for multiple variables in the analysis.

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Titel: Help Seeking Experiences of Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence in Canada: the Role of Gender, Violence Severity, and Social Belonging
verfasst von: Betty Jo Barrett
Amy Peirone
Chi Ho Cheung
Publikationsdatum: 17.07.2019
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Journal of Family Violence
Print ISSN: 0885-7482
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2851
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-019-00086-8

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Help Seeking Experiences of Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence in Canada: the Role of Gender, Violence Severity, and Social Belonging

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Hörschwäche erhöht Demenzrisiko unabhängig von Beta-Amyloid

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„Übersichtlicher Wegweiser“: Lauterbachs umstrittener Klinik-Atlas ist online

ADHS-Medikation erhöht das kardiovaskuläre Risiko

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Abstract

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Neu im Fachgebiet Psychiatrie

Hörschwäche erhöht Demenzrisiko unabhängig von Beta-Amyloid

So wirken verschiedene Alkoholika auf den Blutdruck

„Übersichtlicher Wegweiser“: Lauterbachs umstrittener Klinik-Atlas ist online

ADHS-Medikation erhöht das kardiovaskuläre Risiko

Update Psychiatrie