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Erschienen in: Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery 3/2021

01.09.2021 | COVID-19 | Review article Zur Zeit gratis

Current Understanding in the Pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2-Associated Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis: A Comprehensive Review

verfasst von: Anson Jose, Shagun Singh, Ajoy Roychoudhury, Yathin Kholakiya, Saurabh Arya, Sunanda Roychoudhury

Erschienen in: Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery | Ausgabe 3/2021

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Abstract

Aim

Recently, with the second wave of COVID-19, the Indian subcontinent has witnessed a dramatic rise in mucormycosis infection in patients recovered from COVID-19. This association has been documented in various case reports/case series and institutional experiences, and the mortality associated with this fungal infection is emerging as a cause of concern. The aim of the present paper is to provide a scientific overview on the pathogenesis of mucormycosis in COVID-19 beyond the conventional understanding of the disease process, which may not otherwise explain the increased incidence of mucormycosis in SARS-CoV-2.

Methodology

This paper is structured as a narrative review of the published literature on the pathogenesis of COVID-19 which contributes to the development of mucormycosis. Apart from the acknowledged role of ketoacidosis, high blood sugar, and iron metabolism in the pathogenesis of mucormycosis, other factors involved in pathophysiology of COVID-19 which might alter or enhance the mucormycosis infection such as (1) the role of ferritin, (2) high serum iron, (3) free radical-induced endothelitis, (4) hepcidin activation, (5) upregulation of glucose receptor protein (GRP78) are discussed in the pathophysiology of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis.

Conclusion

A new proposal for the pathogenesis based on the ferritin, viral mimicry of hepcidin and GRP78–CotH3 interaction, which clearly explains the surge in mucormycosis in SARS-CoV-2 infection, has been explained.
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Metadaten
Titel
Current Understanding in the Pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2-Associated Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis: A Comprehensive Review
verfasst von
Anson Jose
Shagun Singh
Ajoy Roychoudhury
Yathin Kholakiya
Saurabh Arya
Sunanda Roychoudhury
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2021
Verlag
Springer India
Schlagwort
COVID-19
Erschienen in
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery / Ausgabe 3/2021
Print ISSN: 0972-8279
Elektronische ISSN: 0974-942X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-021-01604-2

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