1 Introduction
1.1 Rationale
1.2 Objective
2 Methods
2.1 Eligibility criteria
2.2 Information sources and search
2.3 Study selection
2.4 Data collection process
Authors | Year | Patient characteristics | Clinical setting | Age, mean ± SD (range) | ICON/Aesculon | Reference method | Sample size | Financial support |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Heringlake [30] | 2007 | Cardiac surgery | OR and ICU | 66 ± 11 | Aesculon | PACi | 29 | Osypka Medical and Edwards Lifesciences |
Magliocca [31] | 2017 | Liver transplantation | OR | 58 ± 8 | ICON | PACi | 19 | ICON provided by the manufacturer |
Malik [29] | 2014 | Cardiac surgery | OR | 54.6 (41–67) | ICON | PACc | 60 | Research grant |
Martin [32] | 2016 | Pregnant women (≥ 24 weeks GA) | Outpatient unit | 31 ± 6.0, )19–42) | ICON | TTE | 44 | Research grant |
Mekis [33] | 2008 | Cardiac surgery | OR and ICU | 68.5 ± 7.6 (49–78) | Aesculon | PAC | 16 | na |
Petter [34] | 2011 | Diagnostic right heart catheterization | Cardiology unit | 59 ± 2.7 | Aesculon | PACi | 33 | Research grant |
Rajput [28] | 2014 | Cardiac surgery | OR | 62.32 ± 5.12 | ICON | PACi | 25 | na |
Raue [35] | 2009 | SIRS or sepsis post-surgery | ICU | 63 (23–93) | Aesculon | TPTD | 30 | Aesculon provided by the manufacturer |
Schmidt [36] | 2005 | Cardiac surgery | OR | 65.8 (43–81) | Aesculon | TEE | 37 | na |
Trinkmann [38] | 2011 | Hemodynamically stable cardiac patients | Cardiology unit | 54 ± 17 (15–86) | Aesculon | Fick | 120 | None |
Trinkmann [37] | 2016 | Hemodynamically stable cardiac patients | Cardiology unit | Median 53 (15–83) | Aesculon | MRI | 134 | None |
Wang [39] | 2018 | Liver transplantation | OR | 56 ± 7 (41–68) | Aesculon | PACc | 23 | Research grant |
Zoremba [40] | 2007 | Critically ill post-surgery | ICU | 64.6 (34–83) | Aesculon | PACi and TPTD | 50 | na |
Authors | Year | Patient characteristics | Clinical setting | Age, mean ± SD (range) | ICON/Aesculon | Reference method | Sample size | Financial support |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Altamirano-Diaz [42] | 2017 | Obese and normal weight pediatric patients | Outpatient unit | Median 12.3 (5.1–17.8) | ICON | TTE | 131 | Research grant |
Altamirano-Diaz [41] | 2018 | Post cardiac surgery | Outpatient unit | 12.3 | ICON | TTE | 49 | Research grants |
Chaiyakulsil [43] | 2018 | Critically ill | ICU | 4.9 ± 4.6 | ICON | TTE | 121 | na |
Kusumastuti [44] | 2015 | Cardiac surgery | ICU | Median 39.50 weeks | Aesculon | TTE | 30 | None |
Lotfy [45] | 2018 | Biliary atresia, kasai procedure | OR | 73 (58–86) days | ICON | TEE | 42 | None |
Noori [46] | 2012 | Healthy term neonates | NICU | GA 39.2 ± 1.1 weeks | Aesculon | TTE | 20 | None |
Norozi [47] | 2008 | Cardiac catheterization | OR | 3.4 (12 days–17.8 year) | Aesculon | Fick | 32 | na |
Rauch [48] | 2013 | Obese pediatric patients | Outpatient unit | Median 12.52 (7.9–17.6) | ICON | TTE | 64 | Research grants |
Tomaske [50] | 2008 | Cardiac catheterization | OR | 7.8 (0.5–16.5) | Aesculon | PACi | 50 | Research grants |
Tomaske [49] | 2009 | Cardiac catheterization | OR | Median 5.7 (0.5–16) | Aesculon | TTE | 36 | Research grants |
Torigoe [51] | 2015 | Low birth weight neonates | NICU | GA 32 (25–37) weeks | Aesculon | TTE | 20 | None |
2.5 Risk of bias assessment in individual studies
2.6 Summary measures
2.7 Synthesis of results
2.8 Subgroup analyses
2.9 Risk of publication bias across studies
3 Results
3.1 Study selection
3.2 Study characteristics
3.3 Contacting authors
3.4 Risk of bias in individual studies
Author | Patient selection | Tested method | Reference method | Flow and timing | Statistical analysis | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Were subject population of interest and demographic data described? | Were inclusion and exclusion criteria clearly described? | Was the tested method described clearly? (calibration, position and characteristics of monitoring device) | Was the reference method described clearly? (calibration, position and characteristics of monitoring device) | Is the reference method likely to correctly measure cardiac output? | In case of TPTD or intermittent PAC: Was an average of three readings taken for analysis? | In case of echocardiography: Was the reference method assessed by the same, experienced investigator in each patient? | Were the reference method results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the tested method? | Were number of patients enrolled and who dropped out clearly described in the result? | Were the tested method and reference method measured simultaneously? | Was the method of acquiring paired measurement well described? | Do the bias described in the manuscript and in the figures match? (that is, both are [tested method minus reference method] or [reference method minus tested method]) | Do the SD described in the manuscript and the LoA in the figures match? | Does the mean percentage error described in the manuscript and recalculated by the reviewers match? | In case of multiple observations per individual, did they apply statistical analysis for repeated measurements? | Was the precision of the reference method measured within the study? | Was the precision of the tested method measured within the study? | ||
Heringlake [30] | + | − | + | + | + | + | na | ? | − | − | + | + | + | ? | na | − | − | |
Magliocca [31] | + | + | + | + | + | + | na | ? | + | + | + | + | + | ? | + | − | − | |
Malik [29] | + | + | + | + | + | na | na | + | + | + | + | − | − | − | + | − | − | |
Martin [32] | + | + | + | + | − | na | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | − | − | |
Mekis [33] | + | − | + | + | + | + | na | ? | + | + | + | + | + | ? | − | − | − | |
Petter [34] | − | + | + | + | + | + | na | ? | − | + | − | + | + | ? | − | − | − | |
Rajput [28] | + | + | + | + | + | + | na | ? | + | + | + | − | − | + | − | + | + | |
Raue [35] | + | + | + | + | + | + | na | ? | + | + | + | + | + | ? | na | − | − | |
Schmidt [36] | + | + | + | + | − | na | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | na | − | − | |
Trinkmann [38] | + | − | + | + | − | na | na | ? | + | − | − | + | + | ? | − | + | + | |
Trinkmann [37] | + | + | + | + | − | na | na | + | + | − | + | + | + | − | − | − | + | |
Wang [39] | + | + | + | + | + | na | na | ? | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | − | − | |
Zoremba [40] | + | + | + | + | + | + | na | ? | + | + | + | − | + | ? | na | + | + |
Author | Patient selection | Tested method | Reference method | Flow and timing | Statistical analysis | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Were subject population of interest and demographic data described? | Were inclusion and exclusion criteria clearly described? | Was the tested method described clearly? (calibration, position and characteristics of monitoring device) | Was the reference method described clearly? (calibration, position and characteristics of monitoring device) | Is the reference method likely to correctly measure cardiac output? | In case of TPTD or intermittent PAC: Was an average of three readings taken for analysis? | In case of echocardiography: Was the reference method assessed by the same, experienced investigator in each patient? | Were the reference method results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the tested method? | Were number of patients enrolled and who dropped out clearly described in the result? | Were the tested method and reference method measured simultaneously? | Was the method of acquiring paired measurement well described? | Do the bias described in the manuscript and in the figures match? (that is, both are [tested method minus reference method] or [reference method minus tested method]) | Do the SD described in the manuscript and the LoA in the figures match? | Does the mean percentage error described in the manuscript and recalculated by the reviewers match? | In case of multiple observations per individual, did they apply statistical analysis for repeated measurements? | Was the precision of the reference method measured within the study? | Was the precision of the tested method measured within the study? | |
Altamirano-Diaz [42] | + | + | + | + | + | na | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | na | − | − |
Altamirano-Diaz [41] | + | + | + | + | + | na | + | ? | + | + | + | + | + | ? | na | − | − |
Chaiyakulsil [43] | + | + | + | + | + | na | − | + | + | + | + | + | − | − | − | − | − |
Kusumastuti [44] | + | + | + | + | + | na | − | ? | + | + | + | − | + | − | na | − | − |
Lotfy [45] | + | + | + | + | − | na | ? | ? | + | + | + | + | + | ? | − | − | − |
Noori [46] | + | + | + | + | + | na | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | + |
Norozi [47] | + | − | + | + | − | na | na | ? | + | + | + | − | + | ? | na | − | − |
Rauch [48] | + | + | + | + | + | na | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | ? | na | − | − |
Tomaske [50] | + | + | + | + | + | + | na | + | + | + | + | + | + | − | − | − | − |
Tomaske [49] | + | + | + | + | + | na | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | ? | na | + | + |
Torigoe [51] | + | + | + | + | + | na | + | + | + | + | − | + | + | + | − | − | − |