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Erschienen in: Die Onkologie 7/2022

22.03.2022 | Osteosarkom | Leitthema

Aktuelle Überlegungen zur System- und Lokaltherapie beim Ewing-Sarkom

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. Beate Timmermann, D. Andreou, U. Dirksen

Erschienen in: Die Onkologie | Ausgabe 7/2022

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Das Ewing-Sarkom (EWS) ist ein bösartiger Tumor des Knochen- und Weichteilgewebes. Bereits bei der Diagnosestellung weisen 25 % der Patienten Fernmetastasen auf. Die multimodale Therapie setzt sich aus einer chemotherapeutischen Induktionsphase mit darauffolgender chirurgischer und/oder radiotherapeutischer Lokaltherapie und einer anschließenden adjuvanten Chemotherapie zusammen.

Ergebnisse

Bei lokoregionärer Erkrankung wird derzeit eine Kombinationschemotherapie, bestehend aus den Substanzen Ifosfamid, Cyclophosphamid, Doxorubicin, Etoposid, Actinomycin D und Vincristin, als Standard angesehen. Bei ungünstigem histologischen Ansprechen auf eine konventionell dosierte Chemotherapie wird eine hochdosierte Chemotherapie mit Busulfan und Melphalan in Verbindung mit einer Stammzelltransplantation eingesetzt. Die Planung der Lokaltherapie ist geprägt von der Möglichkeit einer makroskopisch vollständigen, En-bloc-Resektion mit tumorfreien Resektionsrändern und der perioperativen Morbidität. Aktuell wird oftmals eine Kombination aus Operation und Bestrahlung der Tumorregion favorisiert. Dabei erfolgt die Bestrahlung unter Einsatz hochkonformaler Techniken, wie z. B. der Protonentherapie, die heute bereits breiter verfügbar ist und mit der vielversprechende Ergebnisse bei der Behandlung des EWS erreicht werden konnten. Im Fall einer Metastasierung kann eine konsequente Lokaltherapie die Behandlungsergebnisse verbessern.
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Metadaten
Titel
Aktuelle Überlegungen zur System- und Lokaltherapie beim Ewing-Sarkom
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. Beate Timmermann
D. Andreou
U. Dirksen
Publikationsdatum
22.03.2022
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Onkologie / Ausgabe 7/2022
Print ISSN: 2731-7226
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7234
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-022-01128-5

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