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Erschienen in: HNO 12/2016

11.11.2016 | Strahlentherapie | Übersichten

Präklinische Modelle für Kopf-Hals-Tumoren

Aufklärung zellulärer und molekularer Resistenzmechanismen im Gewebekontext

verfasst von: Dr. A. Affolter, J. Hess

Erschienen in: HNO | Ausgabe 12/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Da Plattenepithelkarzinome im Kopf-Hals-Bereich („head and neck squamous cell carcinoma“, HNSCC) durch ausgeprägte inter- und intratumorigene Heterogenität charakterisiert sind, variieren sie im Ansprechen auf etablierte Therapieschemata oft erheblich. Darüber hinaus drängt derzeit eine Vielzahl zielgerichteter Therapeutika auf den Markt, die eine effizientere und weniger toxische Behandlung von HNSCC-Patienten ermöglichen sollen. Es besteht daher dringender Bedarf an geeigneten Modellsystemen, um sowohl das individuelle Ansprechen auf die avisierten Therapieregime mit Bestrahlung, Zytostatika und zielgerichteten Therapeutika vorab zu prüfen als auch um die Effektivität neuer Medikamente zu testen. Dabei sollte der pathophysiologische Gewebekontext der Tumorzellen erhalten bleiben, denn direkte und parakrine Interaktionen zwischen Tumorzellen und stromalen Zellen können das Therapieansprechen beeinflussen. In der Vergangenheit wurden komplexere Modellsysteme für die individualisierte Sensitivitätstestung auf Therapeutika etabliert. Sie gelten als viel versprechende Werkzeuge auf dem Weg zur personalisierten Krebstherapie. Der Übersichtsartikel stellt verschiedene Techniken vor, wie 3‑D-organotypische Modelle, patientenabgeleitete Xenograftmodelle (PDX), organotypische multizelluläre Sphäroide und Ex-vivo-Gewebekulturen, die Tumor- wie Stromazellen gleichermaßen repräsentieren, und diskutiert Vor- und Nachteile in Bezug auf die Translation in die klinische Praxis.
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Metadaten
Titel
Präklinische Modelle für Kopf-Hals-Tumoren
Aufklärung zellulärer und molekularer Resistenzmechanismen im Gewebekontext
verfasst von
Dr. A. Affolter
J. Hess
Publikationsdatum
11.11.2016
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
HNO / Ausgabe 12/2016
Print ISSN: 0017-6192
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-016-0276-x

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Umfrage: Topika mit Dexpanthenol bei Radiodermatitis empfohlen

In der topischen Prävention der akuten Radiodermatitis werden Zubereitungen mit Dexpanthenol oder Harnstoff von deutschsprachigen Fachkreisen in der Radioonkologie am häufigsten empfohlen und als am wirksamsten bewertet. Bei der Behandlung der strahlenbedingten Hautschäden liegen Topika mit Dexpanthenol oder Kortikosteroide vorn [1]. 

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Handekzem: Adhärenz bei topischer Therapie nicht zufriedenstellend

Einer klinischen Studie zufolge wendet nur etwa die Hälfte der Ekzem-Patient:innen ihre topische Therapie mit Kortikosteroiden wie verordnet an. Darüber hinaus nahm die Adhärenz im Zeitverlauf weiter ab. Bei einer gleichzeitig applizierten barrierestabilisierenden Basiscreme blieb die Anwendungsfrequenz dagegen über die Zeit stabil [1]. 

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Bepanthen® unterstützt bei vielen Indikationen die Regeneration der Haut

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Bepanthen® Wund- und Heilsalbe wird heute wie bei der Einführung vor 70 Jahren erfolgreich bei kleinen Alltagsverletzungen eingesetzt. Moderne Forschung – Untersuchungen an Hautmodellen, Genexpressionsanalysen und klinische Studien – schafft darüber hinaus Evidenz für neue Anwendungsgebiete. So kann die Dexpanthenol-haltige Salbe heute z.B. zur Nachbehandlung einer Lasertherapie bei aktinischer Keratose oder Tattoo-Entfernung eingesetzt werden. Erfahren Sie hier mehr über moderne Forschung zu Bepanthen.

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AGO-Leitlinie 2024: Update zu CDK4 & 6 Inhibitoren

Die Kommission Mamma der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie (AGO) hat am 02. März 2024 ihre aktualisierten Empfehlungen präsentiert.[1,2] Welchen Stellenwert CDK4 & 6 Inhibitoren in der Therapie des Hormonrezeptor-positiven (HR+), HER2-negativen (HER2-) Mammakarzinoms haben, erfahren Sie hier im Update.

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Finale OS-Analyse der MONARCH-3-Studie vorgestellt

In der MONARCH-3-Studie erhielten Patientinnen mit fortgeschrittenem HR+, HER2- Brustkrebs Abemaciclib [1,a] in Kombination mit nicht-steroidalem Aromatasehemmer (nsAI). Die finalen Daten bestätigen den in früheren Analysen beobachteten Unterschied zugunsten der Kombinationstherapie. [2] Details dazu vom SABCS 2023.

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Die Bedeutung der CDK4 & 6 Inhibition beim HR+, HER2- Mammakarzinom

Es erwarten Sie praxisrelevante Patientenfälle, kompakte Studiendarstellungen, informative Experteninterviews sowie weitere spannende Inhalte rund um das HR+, HER2- Mammakarzinom.